Shark feels, molecule and federal cuts on Mars continue
Federal health and science agencies continue to cut. In addition, we discuss the sound of shark, the meaning of martian molecules and a large dino claw.
Anisa Ruiz Tejda/scientific American
Rahel feltman: Happy Monday, Listeners! For scientific American‘S Quickly science, I am Rachel Feltman. Let’s kick the week and wrap the month with a quick roundup of the latest science news.
(Clip: RFK Junior announced planned cuts on Thursday HHS video: We are about to eliminate an entire alphabet soup of departments and agencies. ,
Feltman: last Thursday US Health and Human Services Department announced The department plans to cut 10,000 full -time jobs. Another 10,000 persons have already accepted voluntary retirement and purchases. Sorting will be killed Food and Drug Administration, Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Institute of Health and Center for Medicare and Medicade Services.
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Feltman: HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Junior said in a statement that the purpose of these deduction is to save money and increase efficiency.
Meanwhile, last week the Trump administration also went to the state and local health departments to cancel more than $ 12 billion in the Federal Grants Fund. Exios report The main targets are grants for covid testing, initiatives have been taken with the aim of dealing with health inequalities and vaccinations. As last Thursday, those cuts allegedly trimmed the Virginia Health Department.
We must be looking at these developments and will keep posting you. But for now, let’s walk on some exciting news from Mars. According to a study published last week Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USANASA’s Curiosity Rover has found the largest carbon-based molecules seen on the red planet. It is believed that long -range alcines have come from fatty acids, which are blocks of cell membranes in living organisms on Earth.
Now, these long molecules are not necessarily a smoking gun for Martian life. We know that fatty acids can be formed through chemistry rather than biology. In fact, some scientists think We found fatty acids on earth for the first time Thanks for the interaction of water and minerals in hydrothmal vents. Therefore, while fatty acids are essential for life because we know it, it is possible that they are formed on Mars on Mars without finding any way. Nevertheless, this discovery is another point for Mars in search of determining the habit of potential past. In addition, since these compounds were found preserved in the 3.7 billion year old rock, Search gives hope to scientists He If Microbial life was once present on Mars, we may still be able to find its signs.
Talk about exaggeration of size: Pelionutologist shows the paw of large dinosaurs in the ancient situation. It belongs to a new species of Therizinosor, In which was described A study published in the journal ISCIENCE last Tuesday.
Write for National Geographic, Riley Black explained that Therizinosor was generally speaking, a strange bunch. Dinosaurs descended from Carnival, but came to eat plants. They were dull in a way, apparently, under their three huge claws – except that they were also huge and covered in wings. But in 2012, a sample found back at Gobi Desert in Mongolia has revealed a new species that stands out for just two fingers instead of three.
One of the fingers still has a sheath of keratin that protected the actual bone of the claws. This protective cover Also added Length, Creation of a talone approximately one footScientists feel that the possibility of new species has lost its third issue as a result of development. While the sharp claws of organisms look something like a rapter will use to tear on hunting, these audballs probably used them to hook the branches while forging them-Those who think of the author of the new study A two-fingers could be done more efficiently with an understanding of two-finger than a three-finger.
We will keep the animal theme rolling to wrap with some new papers on the animal behavior under the sea. First, a new study on sharks. Poor hunters are known for their secret, but research published in the journal on Wednesday Royal Society Open Science Fully blowing its place. While the authors of the study note that sharks and other Elmasobrancha, which are also a group, are not seen as historically active sound producers, “researchers managed to catch rig sharks to catch a low clicking noise.
The lead author of the study heard some unusual voices while allegedly working in grade school with sharks, but was not able to conduct further investigation. In the new study, he and his colleagues saw 10 rig sharks in tanks, which came out with underwater microphones. They shorten the shark, such as, small, a small human-blank, so literally blinking an eye and you will remember it. And those noise reached a maximum of 156 decibels, on average. Shark made a lot of noise when the handlers touched them, and the noise was reduced as they were held. This may mean that these are deliberate sounds, such as “what is a big idea” or “people, head-ups, these humans are very beautiful.” But we will need a lot of research to ensure that.
And if you are thinking those clicks in this way:
(Clip: Rig shark clicks make sounds.)
Feltman: Sharks are deficient in swimming bladder that mostly use fish to noise, but researchers suspect that rigs create these clicks through their teeth “powerful stretch” of their teeth. I can definitely be related as a habitual tooth mill. Since sharks, generally speak, a beautiful mantle bunch, it stands for the reason that other species can produce sounds similar to these.
And while sharks are using sounds to communicate possibly, cutalfish are clearly using visual tricks to mesmer their prey. Cutlefish is known for special skin cells that allow them to change rapid color And make patterns for camouflageA group of researchers last month Published example Different views display that a cutalfish species can use to dodge hunting. Scientists recorded the broadclub cutalfish to mimic floating leaves and coral branching pieces as well as to generate some pulsing patterns, an effect that makes it look like a dark bandage, moving the body of a cutalfish down. This is a stunning strategy because it is like a shining sign for human eyes that says “cutalfish incoming.” But in a new study published last Wednesday Science progressThe same researchers argue that this passing-strip display helps in a cutalfish hunting by overwhelming the senses of a hunting animal. From a crab point of view, for example, these fast -moving stripes can be distracted by movements close to cutalfish. So all this does not pay any attention to the cutalfish behind the striped curtain!
All this is for this week’s news roundup. We will return with special guest Wendy Zuckerman on Wednesday Science vs. To talk about science behind a big debate around a certain sexual event.
Science quickly Made by me, with Rachel Feltman, Fonda Mawnagi, Kelso Harper, Naeem Amarsi and Jeff Delvisio. This episode was edited by Alex Sugiaura. Check Shaina Posses and Aaron Shuttak our show. Our theme music was composed by Dominic Smith. agree scientific American For more up -to -date and intensive science news.
For scientific American, This is Rachel Feltman. have a great week!
