The construction of Pakistan in August 1947 can be seen as a logical result of the Lahore resolution of 23 March 1940. While an independent homeland was previously demanded for Muslims, the proposal made a clear call for an independent Muslim motherland in the Muslim majority regions of British India. This historical phenomenon can be considered better in its political-historical context, anyone can choose another dimension.
During the freedom movement, in an article time and TideA British weekly, The Quad presented the case of Pakistan in a separate vein – he gave it a decent touch. In his view, Hindus and Muslims represented two ‘separate and separate’ civilizations, and thus, two separate nations. The case (of isolation) was based not only on religion, but also on the aspect of civilization.
While Hindu civilization in India goes far away in history, based on major empires, Muslims arrived in the sub-continent in the 8th century. After this ‘Advent’, various invasions were followed by Muslims from outside, and ended in many empires, began in 1526 with the Mughals. Whether Afghan or Turk, the following centuries saw the growth of Muslim civilization. At this time there was no major Hindu empire, while Hindu culture, and ‘civilization’ continued in India. The Mughals and later the ruler were mostly tolerant, and Hindus made part of their administration.
The original change came after the war of 1857, and after that, which has come down not only to Mughal rule, but for Muslim civilization, hence says. The period also saw two other developments, the Rise of the Hindus, under the British rule, and the emergence of Hindu-Muslim differences. The Hindu redeemed the British attitude towards Muslims, due to his role in ‘rebellion’, as well as the spirit of backwardness and inferiority was resigned by Muslims.
In the 20th century, and political awareness in India increased, especially among Hindu leaders, a rift developed with Muslims. The Indian National Congress became a pawn of the political role and aspirations of the Hindu. While Muslims responded to the Muslim League, the two organizations represented two separate Indian communities, with different aspirations, and later, the target.
It was this crack, and the British colonial policies that pushed the movement for freedom, and the partition of India. The decent difference between the two communities gave both the political agenda, as well as the freedom movement. Issues of representation, political and economic rights came up and extended scholars between the two communities.
The idea of a ‘nation,’ and a ‘separate nation’, had already come in the discussion of the Muslim League. Quad repeated it in the historic Lahore season in 1940. “India’s problem could not be solved if it was considered only as an inter-communal question,” he said.
He said: “Hindus and Muslims are related to two different religious philosophy, social customs, literature … In fact, they belong to two different civilizations that are mainly based on conflicting ideas and concepts.”
This briefly expressed the aspect of the civilization of Hindu-Muslim differences, and provided a raison de ‘eTre of push for the partition of India. By the 1940s, it was clear that no political formula would fulfill the aspirations of both Muslims and Hindus, lack of separation/division.
Lahore’s proposal gave this aspiration a concrete look to this aspiration by making a formal demand for Pakistan. This aspect of Hindu-Muslim differences is in the sink with a confrontation of the thesis of the civilizations of Samuel Huntington. And, it is borne by history, many, with many events and events; In recent times, it has been illustrated by Indian refusal to play in Pakistan in the T20 World Cup; The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb’s grave is more poignant in Nagpur.
While decent differences remain, conflict in the sub-continent remains an anomaly, it makes it difficult for both neighbors to deal with issues. Lahore Sankalp is an important is how this struggle can be addressed in the interest of both communities. India and Pakistan have yet to learn the division of civilization and learn to come up with political realities.
Disclaimer: The attitude expressed in this piece belongs to the author’s own and not necessarily reflecting the editorial policy of Jio.TV.
The author is the former faculty of Quad-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Editor, CISS, AJK. He can be reached on it: (email protected)
Originally published Reports
