Anna D’Adio, Daniel April, Manuella Pombo, Maria Rafala Kaldi, Dorothy Wang (GEM Report) and Joa Harat, Parviz Abduwahobov, Arushi Singh, Lioni Warner (UNESCO)
A new set of 50 country profiles on comprehensive sexual education (CSE) will be launched today during a webinar hosted by the GEM report, UNESCO Section of Health and Education and Sweden.
Country profiles respond to the requirement of better data to monitor CSE progress and are prepared by UNESCO’s global education monitoring (GEM) report and UNESCO section of health and education. These profiles are available on a profile to increase the education review website of the GEM report, which also hosts the country profiles on other subjects which are central for SDG 4.
CSE country profiles are designed through review and synthesis of international commitments, national laws, policies, action plans and programs and provide a comparative perspective of progress countries that are in relation to CSE. They cover all regions of the world and all income levels. While they provide a synthesis of national rules, which do not intend to investigate or discuss the implementation of the profile, including laws, policies and decrees, as well as regional or development plans and strategies.
Each country profile consists of five main areas: 1. Reference; 2. vocabulary; 3. Laws and policies; 4. Government; 5. monitoring and evaluation
A brochure published online is with the launch of in 50 profiles. It reports on developed measures to assess progress and identifies the major trends seen, which suggests that many countries recognize the importance of sexual education in their education plans or vision, but this interval is their legislative and their legislative and Stays in policy framework.
What do profiles about comprehensive sexual education suggests?
GEM report colleagues and UNESCO section of health and education teams developed 47 measures to assess progress in CSE. Data reported on 9 of them.
Of the 50 countries…
Many positive trends emerge
- Most countries have some types of supporting legal structures for CSE in education and/or, more often in public health. In ArgentinaComprehensive sexuality education law ,Law number 26.150, (2006) recognizes CSE as an authority in both state and non-state educational installations and all educational levels. In JambiaThe Education Act (2011) involves providing rules for the development and adoption of guidelines to promote education on sexuality, reproductive health, HIV and AIDS and any educational institution. In Liberia, Public Health Law (amended in 2019) established the rights of all adolescents, so that age-appointed and gender-sensitive sexuality could achieve the highest standard of education and made an alternative to access to sexual and reproductive health care services. Can go
- CSE -covered policies or plans are much higher than laws, which suggest aspirations to progress on the sexual education of countries. In Cot de Evoire, National Policy on Sexual, Breeding and Child Health (2020) highlights that sexuality for adolescents and youth should be adapted to their specific references and needs and consultation and modern contraceptive, protect against forcible marriage Supports sexual and others prevention. Forms of violence. In PhilippinesExtensive sexuality wants to ensure effective distribution of CSE on the implementation of education. In LisotoThe 2016-2026 education sector plan prepares strategies and tasks to address HIV, health and welfare, which is one of its cross-cutting issues. Specific objectives include the implementation of aspects of CSE and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and the mainstream of HIV/AIDS in education activities.
- Law and policies promote the integration of CSE in the formal course. General Education Act (Law 115/1994) Columbia (1994) specifies that sexuality education in all public and private establishments is compulsory, providing formal education at pre-school, basic and secondary education levels. Each school can determine its sexuality education program and teaching strategies. In VietnamIn most countries, subjects related to sexuality are integrated into many subjects. In Sierra Leone, National course structure and guidelines for basic education (2020) make SRH education compulsory for primary and junior high schools and integrates it in five subjects: social studies, integrated science, religious and moral education, home economics and physical health Education.
- In-service training for teachers is present in most countries. In Argentina, resolution CFE N ° 340 suggests that pre-service training covers the extensive, up-to-date and scientific acquisition of recognized knowledge on various dimensions of CSE, as well as teaching children and adolescents Also required skills. In Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Teachers have to undergo 40 hours in-service training and 40 hours pre-service training before teaching CSE subjects.
- Schools play an important role in providing sexual and reproductive health services. In Liberia, Public Health Law (2019) states that schools should provide information about reaching sexual and reproductive health services. Malawi The National Education Standards (2015) states that once schools identify students with initial conception or people living with HIV, they should support their learning and care. In South AfricaIntegrated School Health Policy (2012) determines that a package of on-site services involving sexual and reproductive health services in all schools should be provided. In Vietnam, Following Project Implementation Documents of the Ministry of Health are aimed at 80% of schools, which are planning to provide breeding and sexual health care for adolescents and young adults.
- Comprehensive sexual education education is often a common responsibility between many states- and non-state actors. In GabonThe Gabon Equality Program states that the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs and the Ministry of Education (responsible for civil education) cooperates on a travel caravan to raise awareness in SRH in the school. In NigeriaThe National Council on Education formally approved a sexuality education course for use in Nigerian schools in 2001. It was developed through a participation and counseling process consisting of NGOs from all regions of the country, as well as international agencies
Despite progress, more remains to be maintained
Most of the countries reviewed have some types of subsidiary legal framework for CSE. While legal structures do not guarantee their implementation, they are an important column to ensure competent policy environment. The relationship between demand and supply of CSE and SRH services need to be strengthened with comprehensive health and education policies. More efforts should also be directed to fill the gap between the results mentioned in laws and policies and what happens in the behavior. It is important to make sexual education mandatory, but it is not happening everywhere. And in very few countries there is pre-service training to prepare teachers to teach sexual education.
Budget allocation for sexual education is rare, even in countries which have recorded the most progress in the region. In terms of monitoring, only some countries collected data to track progress how well sexual education in school is taught and learned.
To raise awareness about CSE and include all stakeholders is necessary to educate the youth population on issues that promote inclusive societies. Following work by countries is thus to address these intervals, increase awareness, inform all stakeholders and direct implementation.
Note: There are 50 countries covered here: Argentina, Armenia, Cabo Varde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Columbia, Congo, Costa Rica, Kota de Eyeviyar, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Gabon , Georgia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Kiribati, Kirgizstan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Peru, Philippines, Senegal, Serbia, Siera Leone, South African, Tajikan, Tajikan, Tajikan, Tajikan , Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam and Zambia. The list includes sexuality education review and evaluation tools (SEAL) Excel-based tools include all countries that help countries to collect data and analyze strength and gaps in their sexuality education programs in primary and secondary schools. Is designed for. Countries were also selected according to regional representation, income and other norms of religion.
