Archaeologists in Israel have discovered five burials in a cave belonging to an esoter human dynasty that suggests the group to share the aspects of their lifestyle, technology and ritual customs with modern humans and Niendarthals, which lived in the area of 130,000 years ago, a new study report.
The discovery suggests that Niendarthal, modern humans and related human lineages have now been co -existed in Israel for about 50,000 years. However, it is unknown to which group affected the other and in which direction.
New research, scientists examined caves in Levant – Eastern Mediterranean region which today includes Israel, Palestinian region, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. Researchers have long thought that Levant was an important entrance for our species, Homo sepiansAnd other branches of human family trees that exited Africa.
Earlier work suggested that during mid-central peliolithic (80,000 to 130,000 years ago), the southern levant was home to at least three different groups home Homosexual: Modern man, Niendarthal And one Third dynasty The prehistoric site of Neshar Ramla in Central Israel met both modern humans and Niendarthal. Although these groups were physically different from each other, researchers were not sure how similar they were in terms of lifestyle.
The artifacts found in Neshar Ramla suggested that the site was a temporary hunting and butcher camp, so researchers saw near the main basis of operation. “Such sites are usually found in caves,” the study studies the author Yosi ZadnerA peliolithic archaeologist at Hebrew University in Jerusalem told Live Science.
Zadner and his colleagues focus on the Tinshemat cave about 6 miles (10 km) from Neshar Ramla. Scientists first discovered the cave in 1940, and the new excavation found five burials related to there. Homosexual Such burials before the middle-middle peliolithic in this region over 50 years. It is currently unknown if these burials are fully from modern modern humans, man-newandrathal hybrids, mysterious other dynasties or any other group.
Connected: Niendarthal and Early Homo Sapies have buried their dead differently, the study shows the study
Researchers also highlighted the stone artifacts made with levlois technology, meaning that they are lukewarm from one side, there were flats on the other side and accelerated the edges. In addition, human residues were buried in fetus positions, often with Red mineral pigment ocherWhich was associated with pre -research suggested Funny practices And Symbolic ideaScientists also discovered the bones of big sports such as Aroch (Bose primigeniusAn extinct cow species), horses, deer and gazel.
“Search in the Tinshemat Cave is probably going to be the most important discovery in the region for the last 50 years,” Chris stringerA pelionthropologist who was not involved in the new study, at the Natural History Museum in London, told Live Science.
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Many humans in many caves
These conclusions in the Tinshemat cave were similar to discoveries made in two other caves in Israel-the cave and Kafzeh cave-which is also for the middle-middle peliolithic. However, the residues of the skeletal in each cave were quite different from other caves.
Researchers suggest that various groups Homosexual Not only is in the middle-middle peliolithic co-existence in Levant, but also shared several major practices, exchange of innovations such as burial rites and symbolic uses of Geru for about 50,000 years. It is uncertain that in which direction these practices were exchanged – it is said, if modern humans adopted Niendarthal hunting strategies, or if Neandarthal adopted modern human burial rites, or if they came together with new practices.
“Nendarthal” and Homo Sepians’ The interactions were not only sporadic encounters, but they had very enough contacts, which led to the behavior, “Jadner said.
The fact is that group Homosexual At this time and from place, often shares the physiological characteristics of both modern humans and Neandarthal, “These are really hybrids that are using the same culture,” Jadner said.
However, the stringer is not seen a lifestyle mixture. Instead, he suggested that the burial and artifacts, sculls and caves are only connected in the tinsemat. H. SepiansAnd separate behaviors discovered in later levant sites such as Kebara, Amud and Dederehhh are connected to Nendarthal.
Stringer said, “There is a growing evidence that these population was overlapped in the region about 100,000 years ago, and given what happened in Europe after 50,000 years, it was clearly contacted and clearly potential for cultural and genetic exchange.” “I have asked to fulfill the possibility that samples of skhul and qafzeh show signs of hybridization with Nenderthal, but they show much more morphological differences, and some of it may actually be a sign of interpretation with Neanderthal neighbors.”
Scientists have now planned to study the remains in the Tinshemat cave, to see if they are modern humans and hybrids of Neandarthal, Jadner said.
“I am eagerly waiting for the detailed description of the morphology of tinsemat fossils,” said Stringer. If the interaction between modern humans and Niendarthals took place in Levant, “and I believe that it is likely to be faster, somewhere the real first generation Neandarthal-SAPINES should wait for the hybrids to be discovered or recognized,” the stringer said.
Researchers expand their findings online on Tuesday (March 11) in the journal Nature human behavior,
