Researchers at Microsoft have earlier announced the creation of “topological Qubetes”, which can be a significant success for quantum computing, which stores information in the foreign state of the case.
At the same time, researchers also published a paper in nature and a “roadmap” for further work. The design of the Majrana 1 processor should be fit up to a million quints, which can be sufficient to feel many important goals of quantum computing – such as cracking the cryptographic code and rapidly designing new drugs and materials.
If Microsoft claims PAN out, the company may have jumped competing contestants such as IBM and Google, currently leading the race to create a quantum computer.
However, the peer-rude nature paper only shows the part of what researchers have claimed, and the roadmap still contains many obstacles. While Microsoft Press release shows some things that are considered quantum computing hardware, we have no independent confirmation of what it can do. Nevertheless, the news of Microsoft is very promising.
So far you have some questions. What is a topological quit? What is a Qubit for that case? And why do people want quantum computers in the first place?
Quantum bits are difficult to manufacture
Quantum computers were first dreamed in the 1980s. Where a simple computer bits stores information, a quantum computer stores information in quantum bits – or Qubles.
A simple bit may have a value of 0 or 1, but a quantum bit (thanks to the rules of quantum mechanics, which controls very small particles) can be a combination of both. If you imagine a normal bit, which is in the form of an arrow that can either indicate up or down, then a quit is an arrow that can indicate in any direction (or up and down ” Superposition is called “).
This means that a quantum computer would be much faster than a simple computer for certain types of calculations – especially some with unplaying code and imitating natural systems.
so far so good. But it turns out that it is extremely difficult to build actual Qubles and get information from them, as the delicate quantum states can destroy the states within interaction with the outside world.
Researchers have tried a lot of various techniques to make tubles, which use things such as Aedes to move in the electric fields trapped in the electric fields or the current walking in superconductors.
Small wires and foreign particles
Microsoft has taken a very different approach to the manufacture of its “topological qualities”. They have used it called Majorna particle, first in 1937 by Italian physicist Ator Majrana.
Majorrana is not naturally not electrons or protons like particles. Instead, they are present only inside a rare type of material, which is called a topological superconductor (which requires advanced material design and must be cooled to a very low temperature).
In fact, majorrana particles are so foreign that they are usually studied only in universities – not used in practical applications.
The Microsoft team says they have used a pair of small wires, each with a majorna particle either trapped at the end, to act as a QIBIT. They measure the value of the quit – through the fact whether one electron is in one wire or another – using microwaves.
Bits Bits
Why has Microsoft made all this attempt? Because by swapping the position of majorna particles (or measuring them in a certain way), they can be “braided”, so they can be measured without error and are resistant to external intervention. (This is the “topological” part of “topological Qubetes”.)
In theory, a quantum computer made using majorna particles can be completely free from Qubit errors that plague other designs.
This is why Microsoft seems to have chosen such a laborious approach. Other technologies are more prone to errors, and hundreds of physical Qubits may be required to combine together to produce a single reliable “logical QBIT”.
Instead, Microsoft has placed its time and resources in developing major-based Qubits. While they are late for the Big Quantum Party, they hope that they will be able to catch quickly.
Always have a grip
As usual, if something looks great to be true, then there is a grip. Even for a major-based quantum computer, such as an operation-an operation-is known as a T-Gate-will not be obtained without the cuts.
So the major-based quantum chip is only “almost error-free”. However, correcting T-Gate errors is much simple than the general error improvement of other quantum platforms.
Microsoft
What now? Microsoft will try to move forward with its roadmap, constantly construct large and larger collections of Qubits.
The scientific community will closely see how the quantum computing processors of Microsoft work, and they perform other than the other already installed quantum computing processors.
At the same time, research will continue in universities around the world in foreign and unclear behavior of major majorna particles.
