Researchers say that the fish that survives in the climax deep sea environment, despite developing at different and different times, has developed the same genetic mutation.
Scientists also found industrial chemicals in fish and land Mariana trenchWhich means that man -made pollutants can reach some deepest atmosphere on the earth.
Deep-C fish has developed unique adaptation to avoid excessive pressure, low temperature and almost complete darkness. These species are compatible with extreme conditions through unique skeletal structures, the circadian rhythm and either vision that is very fine for low light, or depends on non-art senses.
In a new study, Posted on 6 March in Journal CellResearchers analyzed the DNA of 11 fish, including snellfish, cusk-faces and lizards, who live in the bodle zone-this area is about 19,700 feet (6,000 m) and down to understand how they developed under such extreme circumstances.
Researchers used submarines and far -operated vehicles to collect samples of about 3,900 to 25,300 feet (1,200 to 7,700 m) below the water surface. Mariana trench Pacific and other trenches in the Indian Ocean.
Tracing the development of deep sea fishes, analysis of researchers showed that the eight lineage of fish species enters the deep sea environment at different times: it is likely to happen as soon as possible Cretaceous period (About 145 million years ago), while others arrived during Pelozoze (66 million years ago), and some species recently as Neogin period (23 million to 2.6 million years ago).
Despite different deadliers to make the deep sea their home, all fish conducted studies below 9,800 feet (3,000 meters). The gene, which controls how DNA is coded and expressed. This mutation took place at least nine times in a deep sea fish lineage below 9,800 feet, study writer Kun wangAn ecologist of Northwestern Polytechnical University told Live Science in an email.
This means that all these fish developed the same mutation separately as a result of the same deep sea environment, rather than a common evolutionary ancestor-showing how these species of biology firmly gives shape.
Connected: How deep is Mariana Trench?
“This study suggests that deep sea fishes, despite originating from very different branches of fish tree tree, have developed similar genetic adaptations to avoid the rigid environment-dark and high pressure of the deep ocean,” Ricardo BetanakurAn ichthiologist who was not involved in the new study at the University of California, told Live Science in an email.
This is an example of convergence development, where unrelated species develop similar symptoms independently in response to similar conditions. “It is a powerful reminder that development often reuses the same limited set of solutions when facing similar challenges – in this case, suited to the extreme positions of the deep sea,” said Betankur.
The campaigns also revealed man -made pollutants in Mariana Trench and Philippine Trench. Polyclorainated bifanel (PCB) – Harmful chemicals In the 1970s, he was used in electrical appliances and equipment until he was banned – the liver tissues of the headlog Snellfish were contaminated, scientists discovered.
High concentrations of PCB and Polybrominated Dynel Ether (PBDE), Jwala silk chemicals Consumer products are used until they were not out of popularity in the early 2000s, also found in the Mariana trench also found in the sediment core extracted more than 32,800 feet (10,000 m).
previous research Chemical pollutants have also been found in Mariana Trench, as well as Microplastics in deep seaNew findings also reveal the effects of human activity in this ecosystem that have been removed from human life till now.
